Biochem/physiol Actions

Secondary TargetCa²⁺-ATPase

Reversible: yes

Primary TargetPKC

Cell permeable: yes

General description

Most commonly-used phorbol ester. Extremely potent mouse skin tumor promoter. Activates protein kinase C in vivo and in vitro, even at nM concentrations. Promotes the expression of iNOS in cultured hepatocytes. Activates Ca²⁺-ATPase and potentiates forskolin (>Cat. No. 344270, >Cat. No. 344282)-induced cAMP formation. Inhibits apoptosis induced by the Fas antigen, but induces apoptosis in HL-60 promyelocytic leukemia cells. Its binding is reversible.

Legal Information

CALBIOCHEM is a registered trademark of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Other Notes

Powell, D.J., et al. 2003. Mol. Cell Biol.23, 7794.Tepper, C.G., et al. 1995. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA92, 8443.Oishi, K., and Yamaguchi, M. 1994. J. Cell. Biochem.55, 168.Macfarlane, D.E., and O′Donnell, P.S. 1993. Leukemia7, 1846.Ghandi, V.C. and Jones, D.J., 1992. Neuropharmacol.31, 1101.Hortelano, S., et al. 1992. J. Biol. Chem.267, 24937.Kontny, E., et al. 1992. Eur. J. Pharmacol.227, 333.Zanaboni, P.B., et al. 1992. J. Appl. Physiol.73, 2011.Saltis, J., et al. 1991. J. Biol. Chem.266, 261.Beguinot, L., et al. 1985. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA82, 2774.Perchellet, J. 1985. Carcinogenesis6, 567.Nishizuka, Y. 1984. Science255, 1365.Mastro, A. 1982. Lymphokines6, 263.

Packaging

Packaged under inert gas

Physical form

A 10 mM (2 mg/324 µL) solution of Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (Cat. No. 524400) in DMSO.

Reconstitution

Following initial thaw, aliquot and freeze (-70°C). Use only fresh DMSO for preparing further dilutions.

Warning

Toxicity: Irritant (B)